![]() In this case, larger valve diameters, in contrast to flat cylinder heads, are possible. Especially sports-car engines were fitted with them. Two valves in a roof-shaped arrangement were, for many years, the state-of-the-art. The third, and particularly the fourth combustion chamber shapes are far more up-to-date (see above). It is operated by push rods and rocker arms. The OHV (push rod) engine, seldom found in motor cars nowadays, mostly has the second, roof shaped combustion chamber. The operation of either an overhead cam or one with pushrods and rocker arms is possible. Whereby, the edges of the piston can reach within less then 1 millimeter from the cylinder head, to achieve a swirling effect. ![]() In the case of the Heron combustion chamber, the chamber is, in relation to the completely flat cylinder head, slightly sunken into the piston, here indicated in blue. ![]() Ideally, it would be spherically shaped with the spark plug in the center, from where the core of the flame would spread out evenly in all directions. The shape of the combustion chamber is very important for the mixture formation and the combustion. ![]()
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